Getting the shell script:
wget https://launchpadlibrarian.net/78745738/tuning-primer.sh

Running:
sh tuning-primer.sh

1) Access My Oracle Support.
2) Click on Patches & Updates navigation tab near the top of the screen.
3) In the Patch Search section, click on the Product or Family (Advanced Search) link
4) Type MySQL Enterprise Backup into the Product drop down list
5) select the latest release
6) Click the Search button.

The MySQL server can still be started without InnoDB in 5.6 using the following options

skip-innodb
default-storage-engine=myisam
default-tmp-storage-engine=myisam

BLOB/TEXT columns are stored in an external hidden table. First 256B are stored inline in main table. Reading a BLOB/TEXT requires two reads. One for reading the Main table + reading from hidden table.

/ Tar-compatible file
innobackupex-1.5.1 --stream=tar ./ > backup.tar

/ Compress
innobackupex-1.5.1 --stream=tar ./ | gzip - > backup.tar.gz

/ Copy to remote host
innobackupex-1.5.1 --stream=tar ./ | ssh vadim@desthost "cat - > /data/vol1/mysqluc/backup.tar“

/ set up slave
innobackupex-1.5.1 --stream=tar /tmp/ --slave-info | ssh user@DESTSERVER "tar xfi - -C /DESTDIR“

innobackupex-1.5.1 --apply-log --use-memory=2G /DESTDIR

Monitor table is a way of communicating directly to the InnoDB storage engine by creating a table of a special name.
Additional debugging information is then written to MySQL’s error log. For example:

CREATE TABLE innodb_monitor (a INT) ENGINE=INNODB;

/* view to the error log */

DROP TABLE innodb_monitor;

When you have installed mysql from source, you will need to change the directory to the source installation and then start the mysql in safe mode.

# cd /usr/local/mysql/
# ./bin/mysqld_safe

If the socket file location is chantged in the my.cnf then you will need to provide it while logging into mysql.

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql --socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

The following information is required to analyse any mysql issue

1. my.cnf configuration file
2. mysql error log
3. Output of SQL commands:

show global variables;
show global status;
show /*!50101 engine */ innodb status\G

4. Output of shell commands in file /tmp/linux_output.txt:
top -b -n 1 >> /tmp/linux_output.txt
mount -v >> /tmp/linux_output.txt
df -h >> /tmp/linux_output.txt
egrep -i "err|fault|mysql" /var/log/* >> /tmp/linux_output.txt

Here are a few ways to kill mysql process.

mysqladmin shutdown
kill -TERM nnnn
killalll mysqld
kill -TERM `pidof mysqld`
kill -TERM `cat /var/run/mysqld.pid`

If you have problems to delete many files in a folder using rm * because you get the error that the argument list is to long you can use the combination of ls and xargs to get rid of the files.

Instead of
rm *

Solution:
ls | xargs rm -f